Demography: demographic dividend: practice question

A PSM question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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PSM · Demography: demographic dividend

Sample item

A demographic dividend arises when a country has:

AA large share of working-age population relative to dependantsBA high birth rateCA high proportion of elderlyDHigh infant mortality

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

A. A large share of working-age population relative to dependants

A fall in fertility increases the share of working-age persons and lowers the dependency ratio, providing an economic opportunity if jobs and skills are available.

Option by option

A. A large share of working-age population relative to dependants (correct)
Correct. A large working-age share gives the dividend.
B. A high birth rate
A high birth rate raises child dependency.
C. A high proportion of elderly
A high elderly share raises dependency.
D. High infant mortality
High infant mortality does not create a dividend.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

Questions about this PSM question

What is the answer to this PSM question?

The best answer is A, A large share of working-age population relative to dependants. A fall in fertility increases the share of working-age persons and lowers the dependency ratio, providing an economic opportunity if jobs and skills are available.

Why is "A high birth rate" not the answer?

A high birth rate raises child dependency.

Why is "A high proportion of elderly" not the answer?

A high elderly share raises dependency.

Why is "High infant mortality" not the answer?

High infant mortality does not create a dividend.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Demography: demographic dividend in PSM. The correct option holds because: Correct. A large working-age share gives the dividend.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Demography: demographic dividend?

Practise biostatistics with small calculations until sensitivity, predictive values and risk measures are automatic. Then use the flashcards and the other PSM questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.