Causation: practice question

A PSM question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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PSM · Causation

Sample item

What factor distorts an exposure-outcome association?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

B. Confounder

This item reviews Causation; Confounder is the best answer because it directly fits the forensic or public-health principle described.

Option by option

  • A. Sample size only

    Sample size only is plausible but not the best answer.

  • B. Confounder (correct)

    Correct. Confounder matches the defining principle.

  • C. Outcome only

    Outcome only does not fit the stated scenario.

  • D. Randomization

    Randomization is unsupported by the key information.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

More PSM questions

Questions about this PSM question

What is the answer to this PSM question?

The best answer is B, Confounder. This item reviews Causation; Confounder is the best answer because it directly fits the forensic or public-health principle described.

Why is "Sample size only" not the answer?

Sample size only is plausible but not the best answer.

Why is "Outcome only" not the answer?

Outcome only does not fit the stated scenario.

Why is "Randomization" not the answer?

Randomization is unsupported by the key information.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Causation in PSM. The correct option holds because: Correct. Confounder matches the defining principle.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Causation?

Practise biostatistics with small calculations until sensitivity, predictive values and risk measures are automatic. Then use the flashcards and the other PSM questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.