Membrane transport: practice question

A Physiology question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Physiology · Membrane transport

Sample item

What process uses ATP directly to move ions against a gradient?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

D. Primary active transport

Primary active transport directly hydrolyzes ATP to move ions against electrochemical gradients, exemplified by the sodium-potassium ATPase.

Option by option

  • A. Osmosis

    Osmosis is passive water movement across a semipermeable membrane.

  • B. Filtration

    Filtration is movement driven by a pressure gradient.

  • C. Simple diffusion

    Simple diffusion moves solute passively down its gradient.

  • D. Primary active transport (correct)

    Correct: primary active transport uses ATP directly.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Physiology question

What is the answer to this Physiology question?

The best answer is D, Primary active transport. Primary active transport directly hydrolyzes ATP to move ions against electrochemical gradients, exemplified by the sodium-potassium ATPase.

Why is "Osmosis" not the answer?

Osmosis is passive water movement across a semipermeable membrane.

Why is "Filtration" not the answer?

Filtration is movement driven by a pressure gradient.

Why is "Simple diffusion" not the answer?

Simple diffusion moves solute passively down its gradient.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Membrane transport in Physiology. The correct option holds because: Correct: primary active transport uses ATP directly.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Membrane transport?

For each system, sketch the key graph (pressure–volume loop, oxygen dissociation curve, nephron handling) and explain it aloud. Then use the flashcards and the other Physiology questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.