Renal physiology: practice question

A Physiology question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Physiology · Renal physiology

Sample item

What is the principal effect of antidiuretic hormone on the collecting duct?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

A. Increase water permeability through aquaporin insertion

Antidiuretic hormone inserts aquaporin-2 channels into collecting-duct principal cells, allowing water reabsorption and concentrating urine.

Option by option

  • A. Increase water permeability through aquaporin insertion (correct)

    Correct: aquaporin insertion enables regulated water recovery.

  • B. Prevent urea recycling in all nephron segments

    ADH can facilitate urea recycling in the inner medulla.

  • C. Increase glucose filtration at the glomerulus

    Glucose filtration depends on plasma concentration and glomerular filtration.

  • D. Block sodium reabsorption in proximal tubule

    Proximal sodium reabsorption is not blocked by ADH.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Physiology question

What is the answer to this Physiology question?

The best answer is A, Increase water permeability through aquaporin insertion. Antidiuretic hormone inserts aquaporin-2 channels into collecting-duct principal cells, allowing water reabsorption and concentrating urine.

Why is "Prevent urea recycling in all nephron segments" not the answer?

ADH can facilitate urea recycling in the inner medulla.

Why is "Increase glucose filtration at the glomerulus" not the answer?

Glucose filtration depends on plasma concentration and glomerular filtration.

Why is "Block sodium reabsorption in proximal tubule" not the answer?

Proximal sodium reabsorption is not blocked by ADH.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Renal physiology in Physiology. The correct option holds because: Correct: aquaporin insertion enables regulated water recovery.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Renal physiology?

For each system, sketch the key graph (pressure–volume loop, oxygen dissociation curve, nephron handling) and explain it aloud. Then use the flashcards and the other Physiology questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.