Enzymology: competitive inhibition: practice question

A Biochemistry question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Biochemistry · Enzymology: competitive inhibition

Sample item

What happens to apparent Km and Vmax in reversible competitive inhibition?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

A. Km increases while Vmax remains unchanged

A competitive inhibitor competes with substrate at the active site, so more substrate is needed to reach half-maximal velocity. At sufficiently high substrate concentration, the same Vmax can still be reached.

Option by option

  • A. Km increases while Vmax remains unchanged (correct)

    Correct. Competitive inhibition raises apparent Km without lowering Vmax.

  • B. Both Km and Vmax remain unchanged

    Binding of inhibitor changes apparent substrate affinity.

  • C. Km decreases while Vmax falls

    This pattern is not characteristic of competitive inhibition.

  • D. Vmax increases above normal

    Vmax is not increased by competitive inhibitors.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Biochemistry question

What is the answer to this Biochemistry question?

The best answer is A, Km increases while Vmax remains unchanged. A competitive inhibitor competes with substrate at the active site, so more substrate is needed to reach half-maximal velocity.

Why is "Both Km and Vmax remain unchanged" not the answer?

Binding of inhibitor changes apparent substrate affinity.

Why is "Km decreases while Vmax falls" not the answer?

This pattern is not characteristic of competitive inhibition.

Why is "Vmax increases above normal" not the answer?

Vmax is not increased by competitive inhibitors.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Enzymology: competitive inhibition in Biochemistry. At sufficiently high substrate concentration, the same Vmax can still be reached.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Enzymology: competitive inhibition?

Build one table of enzyme deficiency, disease, inheritance and key finding, then revise it by spaced recall. Then use the flashcards and the other Biochemistry questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.