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Physiology · General physiology: Fick's law of diffusion
Sample itemIn a patient with advanced pulmonary fibrosis and emphysematous change, the blood-gas barrier is twice as thick and the effective surface area is half of normal. Other factors being equal, the diffusion rate of a gas across the barrier is:
Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.
The answer and the reasoning
A. One quarter of normal
By Fick's law, diffusion rate is proportional to surface area and partial pressure difference, and inversely proportional to thickness. Rate = (0.5 x area) / (2 x thickness) = 0.25 of normal. Both changes act multiplicatively.
Option by option
A. One quarter of normal (correct)
Correct. Halving the area and doubling the thickness each halve the rate, giving a quarter.
B. One half of normal
This accounts for only one of the two changes.
C. Unchanged
The two changes do not offset each other; both reduce diffusion.
D. One eighth of normal
Thickness enters as a simple inverse, not squared or cubed, so the result is not one eighth.
Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.
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