Nucleotide metabolism: one-carbon donor for purine ring: practice question

A Biochemistry question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Biochemistry · Nucleotide metabolism: one-carbon donor for purine ring

Sample item

Carbons 2 and 8 of the purine ring are added in steps that use a folate coenzyme. Which tetrahydrofolate derivative serves as the donor?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

A. N10-formyl tetrahydrofolate

N10-formyl tetrahydrofolate donates the formyl carbons that become C2 and C8 of the purine ring. N5,N10-methylene tetrahydrofolate is the donor for thymidylate synthase, and N5-methyl tetrahydrofolate is used to remethylate homocysteine. Folate deficiency therefore impairs both purine and thymidylate synthesis.

Option by option

  • A. N10-formyl tetrahydrofolate (correct)

    Correct. Formyl-level one-carbon units come from N10-formyl tetrahydrofolate.

  • B. N5,N10-methylene tetrahydrofolate

    N5,N10-methylene tetrahydrofolate supplies the methyl group for thymidylate.

  • C. N5-formimino tetrahydrofolate

    N5-formimino tetrahydrofolate arises from histidine catabolism and is converted to the methenyl form.

  • D. N5-methyl tetrahydrofolate

    N5-methyl tetrahydrofolate donates its methyl group to homocysteine via methionine synthase.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Biochemistry question

What is the answer to this Biochemistry question?

The best answer is A, N10-formyl tetrahydrofolate. N10-formyl tetrahydrofolate donates the formyl carbons that become C2 and C8 of the purine ring.

Why is "N5,N10-methylene tetrahydrofolate" not the answer?

N5,N10-methylene tetrahydrofolate supplies the methyl group for thymidylate.

Why is "N5-formimino tetrahydrofolate" not the answer?

N5-formimino tetrahydrofolate arises from histidine catabolism and is converted to the methenyl form.

Why is "N5-methyl tetrahydrofolate" not the answer?

N5-methyl tetrahydrofolate donates its methyl group to homocysteine via methionine synthase.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Nucleotide metabolism: one-carbon donor for purine ring in Biochemistry. N5,N10-methylene tetrahydrofolate is the donor for thymidylate synthase, and N5-methyl tetrahydrofolate is used to remethylate homocysteine. Folate deficiency therefore impairs both purine and thymidylate synthesis.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Nucleotide metabolism: one-carbon donor for purine ring?

Build one table of enzyme deficiency, disease, inheritance and key finding, then revise it by spaced recall. Then use the flashcards and the other Biochemistry questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.