Urology: prevention of recurrent calcium stones with hypercalciuria: practice question

A General Surgery question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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General Surgery · Urology: prevention of recurrent calcium stones with hypercalciuria

Sample item

A man with recurrent calcium oxalate stones has high 24-hour urinary calcium and normal serum calcium and PTH. Which measure helps prevent recurrence?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

A. Thiazide diuretic with a normal dietary calcium intake

Thiazides reduce urinary calcium excretion by enhancing distal tubular reabsorption. Dietary calcium should stay normal, because restriction increases intestinal oxalate absorption and stone risk. Loop diuretics increase urinary calcium.

Option by option

  • A. Thiazide diuretic with a normal dietary calcium intake (correct)

    Correct. Thiazides lower urinary calcium and reduce stone formation.

  • B. Severe restriction of dietary calcium

    Severe calcium restriction raises oxalate absorption and is not advised.

  • C. Loop diuretic daily

    Loop diuretics increase calciuria and can make stones worse.

  • D. Vitamin D supplements

    Vitamin D increases intestinal calcium absorption and urinary calcium.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this General Surgery question

What is the answer to this General Surgery question?

The best answer is A, Thiazide diuretic with a normal dietary calcium intake. Thiazides reduce urinary calcium excretion by enhancing distal tubular reabsorption.

Why is "Severe restriction of dietary calcium" not the answer?

Severe calcium restriction raises oxalate absorption and is not advised.

Why is "Loop diuretic daily" not the answer?

Loop diuretics increase calciuria and can make stones worse.

Why is "Vitamin D supplements" not the answer?

Vitamin D increases intestinal calcium absorption and urinary calcium.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Urology: prevention of recurrent calcium stones with hypercalciuria in General Surgery. Dietary calcium should stay normal, because restriction increases intestinal oxalate absorption and stone risk. Loop diuretics increase urinary calcium.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Urology: prevention of recurrent calcium stones with hypercalciuria?

Learn classic signs and eponyms alongside what they diagnose. Then use the flashcards and the other General Surgery questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.