Gastrointestinal: adaptation after small bowel resection: practice question

A Physiology question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Physiology · Gastrointestinal: adaptation after small bowel resection

Sample item

After extensive small bowel resection, the remaining intestine gradually increases villus height and crypt depth. Which peptide is a main trophic mediator of this adaptation?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

A. Glucagon-like peptide 2

Luminal nutrients stimulate L cells in the distal intestine to release GLP-2, which promotes crypt cell proliferation and reduces apoptosis. Teduglutide is an analogue used in short bowel syndrome.

Option by option

  • A. Glucagon-like peptide 2 (correct)

    Correct. GLP-2 is the main intestinotrophic peptide.

  • B. Peptide YY

    Peptide YY slows transit and does not drive mucosal growth.

  • C. Gastric inhibitory peptide

    Gastric inhibitory peptide mainly enhances insulin release after oral glucose.

  • D. Somatostatin

    Somatostatin generally inhibits gut secretion and growth.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Physiology question

What is the answer to this Physiology question?

The best answer is A, Glucagon-like peptide 2. Luminal nutrients stimulate L cells in the distal intestine to release GLP-2, which promotes crypt cell proliferation and reduces apoptosis.

Why is "Peptide YY" not the answer?

Peptide YY slows transit and does not drive mucosal growth.

Why is "Gastric inhibitory peptide" not the answer?

Gastric inhibitory peptide mainly enhances insulin release after oral glucose.

Why is "Somatostatin" not the answer?

Somatostatin generally inhibits gut secretion and growth.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Gastrointestinal: adaptation after small bowel resection in Physiology. Teduglutide is an analogue used in short bowel syndrome.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Gastrointestinal: adaptation after small bowel resection?

For each system, sketch the key graph (pressure–volume loop, oxygen dissociation curve, nephron handling) and explain it aloud. Then use the flashcards and the other Physiology questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.