Immunology: anti-GBM disease: practice question

A Microbiology question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Microbiology · Immunology: anti-GBM disease

Sample item

A young smoker has haemoptysis and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Renal biopsy immunofluorescence shows smooth, linear IgG deposits along the basement membrane. Which hypersensitivity type is this?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

B. Type II

In Goodpasture syndrome, antibodies bind the alpha-3 chain of type IV collagen in glomerular and alveolar basement membrane, giving linear deposition. Granular deposits would indicate immune complexes, type III.

Option by option

  • A. Type I

    Type I is IgE mediated and immediate.

  • B. Type II (correct)

    Correct. Antibody against a fixed tissue antigen is type II.

  • C. Type IV

    Type IV is T cell mediated without antibody deposits.

  • D. Type III

    Type III shows granular, not linear, immunofluorescence.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Microbiology question

What is the answer to this Microbiology question?

The best answer is B, Type II. In Goodpasture syndrome, antibodies bind the alpha-3 chain of type IV collagen in glomerular and alveolar basement membrane, giving linear deposition.

Why is "Type I" not the answer?

Type I is IgE mediated and immediate.

Why is "Type IV" not the answer?

Type IV is T cell mediated without antibody deposits.

Why is "Type III" not the answer?

Type III shows granular, not linear, immunofluorescence.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Immunology: anti-GBM disease in Microbiology. Granular deposits would indicate immune complexes, type III.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Immunology: anti-GBM disease?

Make a one-line identity card for each organism: shape and stain, defining test, toxin, disease and drug. Then use the flashcards and the other Microbiology questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.