Systemic paediatrics: infant gastro-oesophageal reflux: practice question

A Pediatrics question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Pediatrics · Systemic paediatrics: infant gastro-oesophageal reflux

Sample item

A 4-month-old thriving infant regurgitates small amounts after feeds, is happy, and gains weight well. What is the best approach?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

D. Reassurance with positioning and feeding advice, since it is physiological

Regurgitation is common and physiological in infants, peaking at 4 months, and resolves by 12 to 18 months. Red flags such as bilious vomiting, poor growth, haematemesis or respiratory symptoms need workup.

Option by option

  • A. Fundoplication

    Surgery is for refractory complicated disease.

  • B. Upper GI endoscopy

    Endoscopy is not required without red flags.

  • C. Start proton pump inhibitor

    PPIs are not recommended for happy spitters.

  • D. Reassurance with positioning and feeding advice, since it is physiological (correct)

    Correct. Reassurance is adequate for a thriving infant.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Pediatrics question

What is the answer to this Pediatrics question?

The best answer is D, Reassurance with positioning and feeding advice, since it is physiological. Regurgitation is common and physiological in infants, peaking at 4 months, and resolves by 12 to 18 months.

Why is "Fundoplication" not the answer?

Surgery is for refractory complicated disease.

Why is "Upper GI endoscopy" not the answer?

Endoscopy is not required without red flags.

Why is "Start proton pump inhibitor" not the answer?

PPIs are not recommended for happy spitters.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Systemic paediatrics: infant gastro-oesophageal reflux in Pediatrics. Red flags such as bilious vomiting, poor growth, haematemesis or respiratory symptoms need workup.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Systemic paediatrics: infant gastro-oesophageal reflux?

Memorise milestones and the vaccine schedule as tables and revise them often. Then use the flashcards and the other Pediatrics questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.