Blood transfusion: acute reaction: practice question

A Anaesthesia question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Anaesthesia · Blood transfusion: acute reaction

Sample item

Minutes after a mismatched blood transfusion, a patient develops fever, flank pain, hypotension and haemoglobinuria. What reaction is most likely?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

D. Acute haemolytic transfusion reaction

ABO incompatibility causes rapid intravascular haemolysis through preformed antibodies and complement. Stop the transfusion immediately and maintain supportive care while investigating.

Option by option

  • A. Delayed haemolytic reaction

    Delayed reactions occur days to weeks later.

  • B. Transfusion-associated circulatory overload

    TACO produces pulmonary oedema and hypertension from volume overload.

  • C. Febrile non-haemolytic reaction

    Febrile non-haemolytic reactions do not usually cause haemoglobinuria and shock.

  • D. Acute haemolytic transfusion reaction (correct)

    Correct. Immediate haemolysis with shock and haemoglobinuria is classic ABO mismatch.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Anaesthesia question

What is the answer to this Anaesthesia question?

The best answer is D, Acute haemolytic transfusion reaction. ABO incompatibility causes rapid intravascular haemolysis through preformed antibodies and complement.

Why is "Delayed haemolytic reaction" not the answer?

Delayed reactions occur days to weeks later.

Why is "Transfusion-associated circulatory overload" not the answer?

TACO produces pulmonary oedema and hypertension from volume overload.

Why is "Febrile non-haemolytic reaction" not the answer?

Febrile non-haemolytic reactions do not usually cause haemoglobinuria and shock.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Blood transfusion: acute reaction in Anaesthesia. Stop the transfusion immediately and maintain supportive care while investigating.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Blood transfusion: acute reaction?

Make a table of each agent, its key advantage and its main side effect. Then use the flashcards and the other Anaesthesia questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.