Fluid balance: practice question

A Physiology question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Physiology · Fluid balance

Sample item

What effect does atrial natriuretic peptide have on sodium balance?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

D. Promotes renal sodium excretion

Atrial natriuretic peptide is released with atrial stretch and promotes natriuresis, vasodilation, and suppression of renin-aldosterone signalling.

Option by option

  • A. Stimulates aldosterone release

    ANP suppresses rather than stimulates aldosterone.

  • B. Promotes sodium retention

    Sodium retention is promoted by aldosterone.

  • C. Reduces glomerular filtration

    ANP tends to increase filtration.

  • D. Promotes renal sodium excretion (correct)

    Correct: ANP increases sodium loss in urine.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Physiology question

What is the answer to this Physiology question?

The best answer is D, Promotes renal sodium excretion. Atrial natriuretic peptide is released with atrial stretch and promotes natriuresis, vasodilation, and suppression of renin-aldosterone signalling.

Why is "Stimulates aldosterone release" not the answer?

ANP suppresses rather than stimulates aldosterone.

Why is "Promotes sodium retention" not the answer?

Sodium retention is promoted by aldosterone.

Why is "Reduces glomerular filtration" not the answer?

ANP tends to increase filtration.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Fluid balance in Physiology. The correct option holds because: Correct: ANP increases sodium loss in urine.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Fluid balance?

For each system, sketch the key graph (pressure–volume loop, oxygen dissociation curve, nephron handling) and explain it aloud. Then use the flashcards and the other Physiology questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.