Renal physiology: ADH: practice question

A Physiology question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Physiology · Renal physiology: ADH

Sample item

How does antidiuretic hormone increase water reabsorption in the collecting duct?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

B. Inserts aquaporin-2 channels into the apical membrane

ADH acts on V2 receptors of collecting-duct principal cells, increasing cAMP and inserting aquaporin-2 water channels into the apical membrane. Water then moves down the medullary osmotic gradient.

Option by option

  • A. Blocks sodium reabsorption in proximal tubule

    Proximal sodium reabsorption is not the primary ADH action.

  • B. Inserts aquaporin-2 channels into the apical membrane (correct)

    Correct. Aquaporin-2 insertion is the key cellular mechanism.

  • C. Inhibits renin secretion directly

    Renin regulation is not ADH's main collecting-duct effect.

  • D. Closes glomerular capillaries

    ADH does not close glomerular capillaries.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Physiology question

What is the answer to this Physiology question?

The best answer is B, Inserts aquaporin-2 channels into the apical membrane. ADH acts on V2 receptors of collecting-duct principal cells, increasing cAMP and inserting aquaporin-2 water channels into the apical membrane.

Why is "Blocks sodium reabsorption in proximal tubule" not the answer?

Proximal sodium reabsorption is not the primary ADH action.

Why is "Inhibits renin secretion directly" not the answer?

Renin regulation is not ADH's main collecting-duct effect.

Why is "Closes glomerular capillaries" not the answer?

ADH does not close glomerular capillaries.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Renal physiology: ADH in Physiology. Water then moves down the medullary osmotic gradient.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Renal physiology: ADH?

For each system, sketch the key graph (pressure–volume loop, oxygen dissociation curve, nephron handling) and explain it aloud. Then use the flashcards and the other Physiology questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.