Anatomy and physiology of the eye: Hughes procedure: practice question

The best answer is A, Hughes procedure. The Hughes tarsoconjunctival flap borrows tarsus and conjunctiva from the upper lid to rebuild the posterior lamella of a lower lid defect, covered anteriorly by a skin graft or flap, and the pedicle is divided at a second stage.

A Z-plasty lengthens a vertically contracted scar, as in cicatricial ectropion.

The Kuhnt-Szymanowski procedure shortens a lax lower lid for involutional or paralytic ectropion.

The Cutler-Beard flap takes full-thickness lower lid tissue to repair a large upper lid defect.

It tests Anatomy and physiology of the eye: Hughes procedure in Ophthalmology. The Cutler-Beard operation does the reverse for upper lid defects.

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

Group the red eye by what to examine and what the pupil does. Then use the flashcards and the other Ophthalmology questions on this site to test what stuck.

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.