Paediatric surgery: pulmonary sequestration: practice question

A General Surgery question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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General Surgery · Paediatric surgery: pulmonary sequestration

Sample item

A 5-year-old has recurrent infection of the left lower lobe. CT angiography shows a lung mass supplied by an artery from the descending thoracic aorta, with no connection to the bronchial tree. What is the diagnosis?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

B. Pulmonary sequestration

Sequestration is non-functioning lung tissue with no bronchial connection and a systemic arterial supply, typically from the aorta, most often in the left lower lobe. Treatment is resection with careful control of the aberrant artery, which can retract and bleed.

Option by option

  • A. Congenital lobar emphysema

    Lobar emphysema is hyperinflation of a lobe with normal pulmonary blood supply.

  • B. Pulmonary sequestration (correct)

    Correct. Non-communicating lung tissue supplied by an aortic branch defines a sequestration.

  • C. Congenital pulmonary airway malformation

    A congenital pulmonary airway malformation communicates with the bronchial tree and is supplied from the pulmonary circulation.

  • D. Bronchogenic cyst

    A bronchogenic cyst is a fluid-filled mediastinal or intrapulmonary cyst without an aortic arterial supply.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

More General Surgery questions

Questions about this General Surgery question

What is the answer to this General Surgery question?

The best answer is B, Pulmonary sequestration. Sequestration is non-functioning lung tissue with no bronchial connection and a systemic arterial supply, typically from the aorta, most often in the left lower lobe.

Why is "Congenital lobar emphysema" not the answer?

Lobar emphysema is hyperinflation of a lobe with normal pulmonary blood supply.

Why is "Congenital pulmonary airway malformation" not the answer?

A congenital pulmonary airway malformation communicates with the bronchial tree and is supplied from the pulmonary circulation.

Why is "Bronchogenic cyst" not the answer?

A bronchogenic cyst is a fluid-filled mediastinal or intrapulmonary cyst without an aortic arterial supply.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Paediatric surgery: pulmonary sequestration in General Surgery. Treatment is resection with careful control of the aberrant artery, which can retract and bleed.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as a multi-step question: it asks you to combine more than one idea. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Paediatric surgery: pulmonary sequestration?

Learn classic signs and eponyms alongside what they diagnose. Then use the flashcards and the other General Surgery questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.