Immunisation: AEFI coincidental event: practice question

A Pediatrics question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Pediatrics · Immunisation: AEFI coincidental event

Sample item

A 7-month-old develops fever and a positive malaria smear the day after a DPT vaccine session. Investigation shows no fault in the vaccine or in administration, and the infection was already incubating. How is the event classified?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

A. Coincidental event

A coincidental event occurs after immunisation but is caused by something else, here an infection already incubating. A product-related reaction is an inherent effect of the vaccine. Quality defects relate to manufacturing faults, and anxiety-related reactions arise from fear of the injection.

Option by option

  • A. Coincidental event (correct)

    Correct. The fever has an independent cause and only happened to follow the vaccine.

  • B. Vaccine product-related reaction

    A product-related reaction would be a known effect of the vaccine itself, which the malaria is not.

  • C. Vaccine quality defect-related reaction

    No manufacturing defect was found.

  • D. Immunisation anxiety-related reaction

    Anxiety-related reactions are stress responses to the procedure, such as fainting, not an infection.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Pediatrics question

What is the answer to this Pediatrics question?

The best answer is A, Coincidental event. A coincidental event occurs after immunisation but is caused by something else, here an infection already incubating.

Why is "Vaccine product-related reaction" not the answer?

A product-related reaction would be a known effect of the vaccine itself, which the malaria is not.

Why is "Vaccine quality defect-related reaction" not the answer?

No manufacturing defect was found.

Why is "Immunisation anxiety-related reaction" not the answer?

Anxiety-related reactions are stress responses to the procedure, such as fainting, not an infection.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Immunisation: AEFI coincidental event in Pediatrics. A product-related reaction is an inherent effect of the vaccine. Quality defects relate to manufacturing faults, and anxiety-related reactions arise from fear of the injection.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Immunisation: AEFI coincidental event?

Memorise milestones and the vaccine schedule as tables and revise them often. Then use the flashcards and the other Pediatrics questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.