Urology: adult polycystic kidney disease: practice question

A General Surgery question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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General Surgery · Urology: adult polycystic kidney disease

Sample item

A 40-year-old has hypertension, bilateral flank masses and haematuria, and his father died of a stroke. Ultrasound shows enlarged kidneys with multiple cysts. Which extrarenal condition should be looked for?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

C. Intracranial berry aneurysm

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is associated with hepatic cysts, mitral valve prolapse and intracranial berry aneurysms, which cause subarachnoid haemorrhage. Screening is considered with a family history of aneurysm or haemorrhage.

Option by option

  • A. Pituitary adenoma

    Pituitary adenoma is part of MEN1.

  • B. Hepatocellular carcinoma

    Hepatocellular carcinoma is not a feature, though hepatic cysts occur.

  • C. Intracranial berry aneurysm (correct)

    Correct. Berry aneurysms are a recognised association.

  • D. Phaeochromocytoma

    Phaeochromocytoma is linked to MEN2 and VHL, not this disease.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this General Surgery question

What is the answer to this General Surgery question?

The best answer is C, Intracranial berry aneurysm. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is associated with hepatic cysts, mitral valve prolapse and intracranial berry aneurysms, which cause subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Why is "Pituitary adenoma" not the answer?

Pituitary adenoma is part of MEN1.

Why is "Hepatocellular carcinoma" not the answer?

Hepatocellular carcinoma is not a feature, though hepatic cysts occur.

Why is "Phaeochromocytoma" not the answer?

Phaeochromocytoma is linked to MEN2 and VHL, not this disease.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Urology: adult polycystic kidney disease in General Surgery. Screening is considered with a family history of aneurysm or haemorrhage.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Urology: adult polycystic kidney disease?

Learn classic signs and eponyms alongside what they diagnose. Then use the flashcards and the other General Surgery questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.