Urology: renal angiomyolipoma: practice question

A General Surgery question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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General Surgery · Urology: renal angiomyolipoma

Sample item

A woman with tuberous sclerosis has sudden flank pain and hypotension. CT shows a 6 cm fat-containing renal mass with a large perirenal haematoma. After resuscitation, what is the best treatment?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

D. Selective arterial embolisation

Angiomyolipomas larger than about 4 cm carry a risk of haemorrhage (Wunderlich syndrome), and bleeding is treated with selective angioembolisation to preserve renal tissue. Nephrectomy is a last resort. Mass fat content makes carcinoma unlikely.

Option by option

  • A. Systemic chemotherapy

    Chemotherapy has no role in a benign lesion.

  • B. Radical nephrectomy

    Radical nephrectomy sacrifices renal function needlessly in a benign tumour.

  • C. Observation

    Observation risks fatal haemorrhage.

  • D. Selective arterial embolisation (correct)

    Correct. Embolisation controls bleeding while sparing the kidney.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this General Surgery question

What is the answer to this General Surgery question?

The best answer is D, Selective arterial embolisation. Angiomyolipomas larger than about 4 cm carry a risk of haemorrhage (Wunderlich syndrome), and bleeding is treated with selective angioembolisation to preserve renal tissue.

Why is "Systemic chemotherapy" not the answer?

Chemotherapy has no role in a benign lesion.

Why is "Radical nephrectomy" not the answer?

Radical nephrectomy sacrifices renal function needlessly in a benign tumour.

Why is "Observation" not the answer?

Observation risks fatal haemorrhage.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Urology: renal angiomyolipoma in General Surgery. Nephrectomy is a last resort. Mass fat content makes carcinoma unlikely.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as a multi-step question: it asks you to combine more than one idea. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Urology: renal angiomyolipoma?

Learn classic signs and eponyms alongside what they diagnose. Then use the flashcards and the other General Surgery questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.