Gynaecological endocrinology: polycystic ovary syndrome: practice question

A OBG question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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OBG · Gynaecological endocrinology: polycystic ovary syndrome

Sample item

A 26-year-old woman with polycystic ovary syndrome has had oligomenorrhoea for eight years without treatment. Which malignancy is she at increased risk of because of chronic anovulation?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

B. Endometrial carcinoma

Chronic anovulation exposes the endometrium to oestrogen without progesterone, which causes hyperplasia and increases the risk of endometrial cancer. Regular withdrawal bleeds with progestogens or a levonorgestrel intrauterine system protect the endometrium.

Option by option

  • A. Cervical carcinoma

    Cervical cancer relates to HPV, not anovulation.

  • B. Endometrial carcinoma (correct)

    Correct. Unopposed oestrogen effect increases endometrial cancer risk.

  • C. Vulvar carcinoma

    Vulvar carcinoma is unrelated to ovulatory status.

  • D. Vaginal clear cell carcinoma

    Vaginal clear cell carcinoma relates to in-utero diethylstilboestrol exposure.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

More OBG questions

Questions about this OBG question

What is the answer to this OBG question?

The best answer is B, Endometrial carcinoma. Chronic anovulation exposes the endometrium to oestrogen without progesterone, which causes hyperplasia and increases the risk of endometrial cancer.

Why is "Cervical carcinoma" not the answer?

Cervical cancer relates to HPV, not anovulation.

Why is "Vulvar carcinoma" not the answer?

Vulvar carcinoma is unrelated to ovulatory status.

Why is "Vaginal clear cell carcinoma" not the answer?

Vaginal clear cell carcinoma relates to in-utero diethylstilboestrol exposure.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Gynaecological endocrinology: polycystic ovary syndrome in OBG. Regular withdrawal bleeds with progestogens or a levonorgestrel intrauterine system protect the endometrium.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Gynaecological endocrinology: polycystic ovary syndrome?

Learn management algorithms as steps: PPH, eclampsia, ectopic pregnancy. Then use the flashcards and the other OBG questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.