Paediatric radiology: practice question

A Radiology question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Radiology · Paediatric radiology

Sample item

The 'double bubble' sign on an abdominal radiograph of a newborn suggests:

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

A. Duodenal atresia

Two gas bubbles, one in the stomach and one in the proximal duodenum, with no distal gas, indicate duodenal atresia, which is associated with Down syndrome. Bilious vomiting starts in the first day.

Option by option

  • A. Duodenal atresia (correct)

    Correct. Obstruction at the duodenum leaves gas only in the stomach and the duodenal cap.

  • B. Hirschsprung disease

    Hirschsprung disease gives distal obstruction with dilated loops.

  • C. Malrotation with volvulus only

    Malrotation may mimic it, but double bubble with absent distal gas is the classic description of atresia.

  • D. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

    Pyloric stenosis causes a single distended stomach with non-bilious vomiting.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Radiology question

What is the answer to this Radiology question?

The best answer is A, Duodenal atresia. Two gas bubbles, one in the stomach and one in the proximal duodenum, with no distal gas, indicate duodenal atresia, which is associated with Down syndrome.

Why is "Hirschsprung disease" not the answer?

Hirschsprung disease gives distal obstruction with dilated loops.

Why is "Malrotation with volvulus only" not the answer?

Malrotation may mimic it, but double bubble with absent distal gas is the classic description of atresia.

Why is "Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis" not the answer?

Pyloric stenosis causes a single distended stomach with non-bilious vomiting.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Paediatric radiology in Radiology. Bilious vomiting starts in the first day.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Paediatric radiology?

Learn signs with the image, and the disease they point to. Then use the flashcards and the other Radiology questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.