Systemic paediatrics: primary ciliary dyskinesia: practice question

A Pediatrics question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Pediatrics · Systemic paediatrics: primary ciliary dyskinesia

Sample item

A child with chronic wet cough since infancy, recurrent otitis media and bronchiectasis has dextrocardia on the chest X-ray. What is the diagnosis?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

A. Kartagener syndrome (primary ciliary dyskinesia)

Kartagener syndrome is the triad of situs inversus, chronic sinusitis and bronchiectasis from defective ciliary motility (dynein arm defects). Males are often infertile.

Option by option

  • A. Kartagener syndrome (primary ciliary dyskinesia) (correct)

    Correct. Situs inversus with bronchiectasis fits.

  • B. Foreign body aspiration

    A foreign body does not cause situs inversus.

  • C. Cystic fibrosis

    CF causes pancreatic insufficiency and does not cause situs inversus.

  • D. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency

    Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency causes emphysema and liver disease.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Pediatrics question

What is the answer to this Pediatrics question?

The best answer is A, Kartagener syndrome (primary ciliary dyskinesia). Kartagener syndrome is the triad of situs inversus, chronic sinusitis and bronchiectasis from defective ciliary motility (dynein arm defects).

Why is "Foreign body aspiration" not the answer?

A foreign body does not cause situs inversus.

Why is "Cystic fibrosis" not the answer?

CF causes pancreatic insufficiency and does not cause situs inversus.

Why is "Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency" not the answer?

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency causes emphysema and liver disease.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Systemic paediatrics: primary ciliary dyskinesia in Pediatrics. Males are often infertile.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as a multi-step question: it asks you to combine more than one idea. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Systemic paediatrics: primary ciliary dyskinesia?

Memorise milestones and the vaccine schedule as tables and revise them often. Then use the flashcards and the other Pediatrics questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.