Neonatal imaging: bronchopulmonary dysplasia: practice question

A Radiology question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Radiology · Neonatal imaging: bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Sample item

A preterm infant is still oxygen-dependent at 36 weeks corrected age after prolonged ventilation. The chest film shows coarse reticular opacities alternating with cystic lucent areas and hyperinflation. What is the diagnosis?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

C. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Chronic lung disease of prematurity follows ventilation and oxygen exposure, and it shows a bubbly or sponge-like appearance with coarse strands and hyperinflation. It is defined clinically by the need for oxygen at 36 weeks postmenstrual age.

Option by option

  • A. Pneumothorax

    A pneumothorax shows a pleural line without lung markings.

  • B. Hyaline membrane disease at day 1

    Hyaline membrane disease shows a granular pattern with air bronchograms in the first days.

  • C. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (correct)

    Correct. Chronic bubbly lungs after ventilation define bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

  • D. Congenital pulmonary airway malformation

    A CPAM is a localised cystic mass, not diffuse disease.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Radiology question

What is the answer to this Radiology question?

The best answer is C, Bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Chronic lung disease of prematurity follows ventilation and oxygen exposure, and it shows a bubbly or sponge-like appearance with coarse strands and hyperinflation.

Why is "Pneumothorax" not the answer?

A pneumothorax shows a pleural line without lung markings.

Why is "Hyaline membrane disease at day 1" not the answer?

Hyaline membrane disease shows a granular pattern with air bronchograms in the first days.

Why is "Congenital pulmonary airway malformation" not the answer?

A CPAM is a localised cystic mass, not diffuse disease.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Neonatal imaging: bronchopulmonary dysplasia in Radiology. It is defined clinically by the need for oxygen at 36 weeks postmenstrual age.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Neonatal imaging: bronchopulmonary dysplasia?

Learn signs with the image, and the disease they point to. Then use the flashcards and the other Radiology questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.