Oedema: practice question

A Pathology question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Pathology · Oedema

Sample item

What is the primary mechanism of pulmonary oedema in left-sided heart failure?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

B. Raised pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure

Left ventricular failure elevates left atrial and pulmonary venous pressure, increasing pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure and driving fluid from vessels into interstitial and alveolar spaces.

Option by option

  • A. Increased melanin synthesis

    Melanin synthesis concerns skin pigmentation.

  • B. Raised pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure (correct)

    Correct: elevated hydrostatic pressure causes cardiogenic pulmonary oedema.

  • C. Loss of gastric acid

    Gastric acid loss is unrelated to pulmonary oedema.

  • D. Reduced lymphocyte production

    Lymphocyte production does not determine pulmonary capillary fluid pressure.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Pathology question

What is the answer to this Pathology question?

The best answer is B, Raised pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure. Left ventricular failure elevates left atrial and pulmonary venous pressure, increasing pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure and driving fluid from vessels into interstitial and alveolar spaces.

Why is "Increased melanin synthesis" not the answer?

Melanin synthesis concerns skin pigmentation.

Why is "Loss of gastric acid" not the answer?

Gastric acid loss is unrelated to pulmonary oedema.

Why is "Reduced lymphocyte production" not the answer?

Lymphocyte production does not determine pulmonary capillary fluid pressure.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Oedema in Pathology. The correct option holds because: Correct: elevated hydrostatic pressure causes cardiogenic pulmonary oedema.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Oedema?

Learn each disease as a bundle: cause, key histology, markers, and the clinical hallmark. Then use the flashcards and the other Pathology questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.