Obstetric medicine: gestational diabetes: practice question

A OBG question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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OBG · Obstetric medicine: gestational diabetes

Sample item

What is the principal fetal consequence of poorly controlled maternal hyperglycemia in late pregnancy?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

D. Fetal hyperinsulinemia with macrosomia and neonatal hypoglycemia risk

Maternal glucose crosses the placenta, stimulating fetal insulin secretion. Fetal hyperinsulinemia promotes excessive growth and predisposes the newborn to hypoglycemia after birth when maternal glucose supply stops.

Option by option

  • A. Absent fetal growth

    Poor control more often causes excessive, not absent, fetal growth.

  • B. Congenital deafness only

    Congenital deafness is not the characteristic consequence.

  • C. Neural tube closure failure only

    Neural tube defects are related to early pregnancy glycemic control but do not describe the main late-pregnancy mechanism here.

  • D. Fetal hyperinsulinemia with macrosomia and neonatal hypoglycemia risk (correct)

    Correct. This explains both macrosomia and postnatal hypoglycemia.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

More OBG questions

Questions about this OBG question

What is the answer to this OBG question?

The best answer is D, Fetal hyperinsulinemia with macrosomia and neonatal hypoglycemia risk. Maternal glucose crosses the placenta, stimulating fetal insulin secretion.

Why is "Absent fetal growth" not the answer?

Poor control more often causes excessive, not absent, fetal growth.

Why is "Congenital deafness only" not the answer?

Congenital deafness is not the characteristic consequence.

Why is "Neural tube closure failure only" not the answer?

Neural tube defects are related to early pregnancy glycemic control but do not describe the main late-pregnancy mechanism here.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Obstetric medicine: gestational diabetes in OBG. Fetal hyperinsulinemia promotes excessive growth and predisposes the newborn to hypoglycemia after birth when maternal glucose supply stops.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Obstetric medicine: gestational diabetes?

Learn management algorithms as steps: PPH, eclampsia, ectopic pregnancy. Then use the flashcards and the other OBG questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.