Nephrology: poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis: practice question

A Pediatrics question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Pediatrics · Nephrology: poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis

Sample item

Two weeks after impetigo, a child develops cola-colored urine, edema, hypertension, and reduced complement C3. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

D. Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis

Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is an immune-mediated nephritic syndrome following group A streptococcal infection. Hematuria, edema, hypertension, and low complement are typical.

Option by option

  • A. Hemolytic uremic syndrome

    HUS follows diarrheal illness with anemia and thrombocytopenia.

  • B. Minimal change disease

    Minimal change disease causes nephrotic rather than nephritic findings.

  • C. Vesicoureteric reflux

    Vesicoureteric reflux predisposes to UTIs and renal scarring.

  • D. Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (correct)

    Correct. The postinfectious nephritic pattern and low C3 fit PSGN.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Pediatrics question

What is the answer to this Pediatrics question?

The best answer is D, Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is an immune-mediated nephritic syndrome following group A streptococcal infection.

Why is "Hemolytic uremic syndrome" not the answer?

HUS follows diarrheal illness with anemia and thrombocytopenia.

Why is "Minimal change disease" not the answer?

Minimal change disease causes nephrotic rather than nephritic findings.

Why is "Vesicoureteric reflux" not the answer?

Vesicoureteric reflux predisposes to UTIs and renal scarring.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Nephrology: poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis in Pediatrics. Hematuria, edema, hypertension, and low complement are typical.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Nephrology: poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis?

Memorise milestones and the vaccine schedule as tables and revise them often. Then use the flashcards and the other Pediatrics questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.