Hematology: hemolytic uremic syndrome: practice question

A Pediatrics question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Pediatrics · Hematology: hemolytic uremic syndrome

Sample item

A child develops pallor, oliguria, thrombocytopenia, and schistocytes several days after bloody diarrhea. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

C. Hemolytic uremic syndrome

Typical hemolytic uremic syndrome follows Shiga toxin-producing diarrheal illness and causes microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury. Management is supportive with careful renal monitoring.

Option by option

  • A. Hemophilia A

    Hemophilia A is a clotting-factor deficiency causing bleeding.

  • B. Immune thrombocytopenia

    ITP causes isolated platelet destruction without schistocytic hemolysis or renal injury.

  • C. Hemolytic uremic syndrome (correct)

    Correct. The diarrheal prodrome plus the classic triad identifies HUS.

  • D. Aplastic anemia

    Aplastic anemia causes pancytopenia without microangiopathic hemolysis.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Pediatrics question

What is the answer to this Pediatrics question?

The best answer is C, Hemolytic uremic syndrome. Typical hemolytic uremic syndrome follows Shiga toxin-producing diarrheal illness and causes microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury.

Why is "Hemophilia A" not the answer?

Hemophilia A is a clotting-factor deficiency causing bleeding.

Why is "Immune thrombocytopenia" not the answer?

ITP causes isolated platelet destruction without schistocytic hemolysis or renal injury.

Why is "Aplastic anemia" not the answer?

Aplastic anemia causes pancytopenia without microangiopathic hemolysis.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Hematology: hemolytic uremic syndrome in Pediatrics. Management is supportive with careful renal monitoring.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as a multi-step question: it asks you to combine more than one idea. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Hematology: hemolytic uremic syndrome?

Memorise milestones and the vaccine schedule as tables and revise them often. Then use the flashcards and the other Pediatrics questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.