Cardiology: heart failure: practice question

A General Medicine question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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General Medicine · Cardiology: heart failure

Sample item

Which finding is most typical of left-sided heart failure?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

B. Pulmonary crackles and orthopnoea

Left-ventricular failure elevates pulmonary venous pressure, causing exertional dyspnoea, orthopnoea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea and crackles.

Option by option

  • A. Isolated ascites without dyspnoea

    Ascites is more typical of systemic venous congestion.

  • B. Pulmonary crackles and orthopnoea (correct)

    Correct. Pulmonary congestion is the classic consequence.

  • C. Bradycardia after meals

    This is not a typical left-heart-failure pattern.

  • D. Hyperresonance of both lungs

    Hyperresonance suggests air trapping or pneumothorax.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this General Medicine question

What is the answer to this General Medicine question?

The best answer is B, Pulmonary crackles and orthopnoea. Left-ventricular failure elevates pulmonary venous pressure, causing exertional dyspnoea, orthopnoea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea and crackles.

Why is "Isolated ascites without dyspnoea" not the answer?

Ascites is more typical of systemic venous congestion.

Why is "Bradycardia after meals" not the answer?

This is not a typical left-heart-failure pattern.

Why is "Hyperresonance of both lungs" not the answer?

Hyperresonance suggests air trapping or pneumothorax.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Cardiology: heart failure in General Medicine. The correct option holds because: Correct. Pulmonary congestion is the classic consequence.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Cardiology: heart failure?

For each disease know the classic presentation, the best test, and the first-line treatment. Then use the flashcards and the other General Medicine questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.