Neonatology: congenital hypothyroidism: practice question

A Pediatrics question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Pediatrics · Neonatology: congenital hypothyroidism

Sample item

Which clinical feature can occur in untreated congenital hypothyroidism?

AA barking coughBProfuse watery diarrheaCProlonged jaundice with large tongue and hypotoniaDEarly projectile vomiting only

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

C. Prolonged jaundice with large tongue and hypotonia

Congenital hypothyroidism may present subtly with prolonged jaundice, lethargy, hypotonia, macroglossia, and poor feeding. Newborn screening permits treatment before developmental impairment occurs.

Option by option

A. A barking cough
Barking cough suggests croup.
B. Profuse watery diarrhea
Watery diarrhea has many infectious or malabsorptive causes.
C. Prolonged jaundice with large tongue and hypotonia (correct)
Correct. These are recognized neonatal hypothyroid features.
D. Early projectile vomiting only
Projectile vomiting suggests pyloric stenosis.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

Questions about this Pediatrics question

What is the answer to this Pediatrics question?

The best answer is C, Prolonged jaundice with large tongue and hypotonia. Congenital hypothyroidism may present subtly with prolonged jaundice, lethargy, hypotonia, macroglossia, and poor feeding.

Why is "A barking cough" not the answer?

Barking cough suggests croup.

Why is "Profuse watery diarrhea" not the answer?

Watery diarrhea has many infectious or malabsorptive causes.

Why is "Early projectile vomiting only" not the answer?

Projectile vomiting suggests pyloric stenosis.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Neonatology: congenital hypothyroidism in Pediatrics. Newborn screening permits treatment before developmental impairment occurs.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Neonatology: congenital hypothyroidism?

Memorise milestones and the vaccine schedule as tables and revise them often. Then use the flashcards and the other Pediatrics questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.