Neonatology: congenital diaphragmatic hernia: practice question

A Pediatrics question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Pediatrics · Neonatology: congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Sample item

A newborn has severe respiratory distress, scaphoid abdomen, and bowel sounds in the left chest. What is the diagnosis?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

A. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia permits abdominal organs to enter the thorax, causing pulmonary hypoplasia and severe respiratory compromise. Bag-mask ventilation may worsen gastric distension, so airway management is specialized.

Option by option

  • A. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (correct)

    Correct. Scaphoid abdomen with thoracic bowel is classic.

  • B. Pyloric stenosis

    Pyloric stenosis occurs weeks later with vomiting.

  • C. Neonatal pneumonia

    Pneumonia does not cause a scaphoid abdomen or thoracic bowel sounds.

  • D. Tetralogy of Fallot

    Tetralogy causes cyanosis but not bowel herniation.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

More Pediatrics questions

Questions about this Pediatrics question

What is the answer to this Pediatrics question?

The best answer is A, Congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia permits abdominal organs to enter the thorax, causing pulmonary hypoplasia and severe respiratory compromise.

Why is "Pyloric stenosis" not the answer?

Pyloric stenosis occurs weeks later with vomiting.

Why is "Neonatal pneumonia" not the answer?

Pneumonia does not cause a scaphoid abdomen or thoracic bowel sounds.

Why is "Tetralogy of Fallot" not the answer?

Tetralogy causes cyanosis but not bowel herniation.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Neonatology: congenital diaphragmatic hernia in Pediatrics. Bag-mask ventilation may worsen gastric distension, so airway management is specialized.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Neonatology: congenital diaphragmatic hernia?

Memorise milestones and the vaccine schedule as tables and revise them often. Then use the flashcards and the other Pediatrics questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.