Renal: nephritic syndrome: practice question

A Pediatrics question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

Try it

Pediatrics · Renal: nephritic syndrome

Sample item

A child has hypertension, periorbital edema, dark urine, and red-cell casts after a sore throat. Which syndrome is present?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

D. Acute nephritic syndrome

Acute nephritic syndrome is glomerular inflammation causing hematuria, red-cell casts, hypertension, edema, and reduced GFR. Postinfectious glomerulonephritis is a common childhood cause.

Option by option

  • A. Renal tubular acidosis

    RTA causes acid-base abnormalities rather than glomerular hematuria.

  • B. Nephrotic syndrome

    Nephrotic syndrome is dominated by heavy proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia.

  • C. Diabetes insipidus

    Diabetes insipidus causes dilute polyuria.

  • D. Acute nephritic syndrome (correct)

    Correct. Red-cell casts and hypertension identify nephritic disease.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

More Pediatrics questions

Questions about this Pediatrics question

What is the answer to this Pediatrics question?

The best answer is D, Acute nephritic syndrome. Acute nephritic syndrome is glomerular inflammation causing hematuria, red-cell casts, hypertension, edema, and reduced GFR.

Why is "Renal tubular acidosis" not the answer?

RTA causes acid-base abnormalities rather than glomerular hematuria.

Why is "Nephrotic syndrome" not the answer?

Nephrotic syndrome is dominated by heavy proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia.

Why is "Diabetes insipidus" not the answer?

Diabetes insipidus causes dilute polyuria.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Renal: nephritic syndrome in Pediatrics. Postinfectious glomerulonephritis is a common childhood cause.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Renal: nephritic syndrome?

Memorise milestones and the vaccine schedule as tables and revise them often. Then use the flashcards and the other Pediatrics questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.