Abdominal and GI imaging: hepatoblastoma: practice question

A Radiology question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Radiology · Abdominal and GI imaging: hepatoblastoma

Sample item

A 2-year-old has a large right upper abdominal mass and a markedly raised serum alpha-fetoprotein. CT shows a heterogeneous enhancing liver mass with calcifications. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

C. Hepatoblastoma

Hepatoblastoma is the commonest primary liver malignancy in young children, with raised AFP in most cases and associations with prematurity and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. CT shows a large heterogeneous mass, sometimes with calcification.

Option by option

  • A. Mesenchymal hamartoma

    A mesenchymal hamartoma is a multicystic benign lesion in infants with normal or mildly raised AFP.

  • B. Wilms tumour

    Wilms tumour arises from the kidney and does not raise AFP.

  • C. Hepatoblastoma (correct)

    Correct. A large solid calcified liver mass with high AFP in a toddler is hepatoblastoma.

  • D. Infantile haemangioendothelioma

    Infantile haemangioendothelioma shows avid enhancement with high-flow vessels and cardiac failure.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Radiology question

What is the answer to this Radiology question?

The best answer is C, Hepatoblastoma. Hepatoblastoma is the commonest primary liver malignancy in young children, with raised AFP in most cases and associations with prematurity and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome.

Why is "Mesenchymal hamartoma" not the answer?

A mesenchymal hamartoma is a multicystic benign lesion in infants with normal or mildly raised AFP.

Why is "Wilms tumour" not the answer?

Wilms tumour arises from the kidney and does not raise AFP.

Why is "Infantile haemangioendothelioma" not the answer?

Infantile haemangioendothelioma shows avid enhancement with high-flow vessels and cardiac failure.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Abdominal and GI imaging: hepatoblastoma in Radiology. CT shows a large heterogeneous mass, sometimes with calcification.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Abdominal and GI imaging: hepatoblastoma?

Learn signs with the image, and the disease they point to. Then use the flashcards and the other Radiology questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.