Vasculitis: practice question

A Pathology question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Pathology · Vasculitis

Sample item

A 3-year-old child has had fever for six days with conjunctival injection, cracked red lips, a strawberry tongue, cervical lymphadenopathy and peeling of the fingertips. What is the most important complication to look for?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

D. Coronary artery aneurysm

This is Kawasaki disease, a medium-vessel vasculitis of childhood. Inflammation of the coronary arteries can cause aneurysms and thrombosis, and treatment with immunoglobulin and aspirin aims to prevent this.

Option by option

  • A. Crescentic glomerulonephritis

    Crescentic glomerulonephritis is a feature of small-vessel vasculitides, not of Kawasaki disease.

  • B. Intussusception

    Intussusception can complicate IgA vasculitis in children but is not the key complication of Kawasaki disease.

  • C. Mitral stenosis

    Mitral stenosis is a late result of rheumatic heart disease rather than a complication of Kawasaki disease.

  • D. Coronary artery aneurysm (correct)

    Correct. Coronary arteritis with aneurysm formation is the main cause of morbidity.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

More Pathology questions

Questions about this Pathology question

What is the answer to this Pathology question?

The best answer is D, Coronary artery aneurysm. This is Kawasaki disease, a medium-vessel vasculitis of childhood.

Why is "Crescentic glomerulonephritis" not the answer?

Crescentic glomerulonephritis is a feature of small-vessel vasculitides, not of Kawasaki disease.

Why is "Intussusception" not the answer?

Intussusception can complicate IgA vasculitis in children but is not the key complication of Kawasaki disease.

Why is "Mitral stenosis" not the answer?

Mitral stenosis is a late result of rheumatic heart disease rather than a complication of Kawasaki disease.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Vasculitis in Pathology. Inflammation of the coronary arteries can cause aneurysms and thrombosis, and treatment with immunoglobulin and aspirin aims to prevent this.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Vasculitis?

Learn each disease as a bundle: cause, key histology, markers, and the clinical hallmark. Then use the flashcards and the other Pathology questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.