Benign gynecology: practice question

A OBG question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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OBG · Benign gynecology

Sample item

A 30-year-old woman has progressive dysmenorrhoea, deep dyspareunia and infertility. Examination reveals a fixed retroverted uterus with tender nodularity in the uterosacral ligaments, and ultrasound shows an ovarian cyst with ground-glass echoes. What is the most likely diagnosis?

AAdenomyosisBUterine leiomyomaCEndometriosisDChronic pelvic inflammatory disease

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

C. Endometriosis

Ectopic endometrial-type tissue outside the uterine cavity bleeds cyclically and causes inflammation and adhesions. Ground-glass cysts (endometriomas), uterosacral nodularity and fixed retroversion are typical.

Option by option

A. Adenomyosis
Adenomyosis gives a diffusely enlarged, globular, tender uterus with heavy periods.
B. Uterine leiomyoma
Leiomyoma causes an enlarged irregular uterus with heavy bleeding.
C. Endometriosis (correct)
Correct. This is the typical picture of ectopic endometrial tissue with an endometrioma.
D. Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease
Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease follows infection and does not typically give ground-glass cysts.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

Questions about this OBG question

What is the answer to this OBG question?

The best answer is C, Endometriosis. Ectopic endometrial-type tissue outside the uterine cavity bleeds cyclically and causes inflammation and adhesions.

Why is "Adenomyosis" not the answer?

Adenomyosis gives a diffusely enlarged, globular, tender uterus with heavy periods.

Why is "Uterine leiomyoma" not the answer?

Leiomyoma causes an enlarged irregular uterus with heavy bleeding.

Why is "Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease" not the answer?

Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease follows infection and does not typically give ground-glass cysts.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Benign gynecology in OBG. Ground-glass cysts (endometriomas), uterosacral nodularity and fixed retroversion are typical.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Benign gynecology?

Learn management algorithms as steps: PPH, eclampsia, ectopic pregnancy. Then use the flashcards and the other OBG questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.