Renal medicine: practice question

A General Medicine question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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General Medicine · Renal medicine

Sample item

Which electrolyte disturbance is especially dangerous in advanced kidney failure because of its cardiac effects?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

D. Hyperkalaemia

Reduced renal potassium excretion can produce hyperkalaemia, which may cause conduction abnormalities and life-threatening arrhythmias, requiring urgent ECG assessment and stabilizing treatment when severe.

Option by option

  • A. Raised bicarbonate from vomiting

    Vomiting more often lowers chloride and raises bicarbonate.

  • B. Mild hyperchloraemia

    Mild chloride elevation is usually not the immediate arrhythmic threat.

  • C. Low phosphate after meals

    Post-meal phosphate variation does not create the classic emergency described.

  • D. Hyperkalaemia (correct)

    Correct: high potassium can rapidly destabilize cardiac conduction.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this General Medicine question

What is the answer to this General Medicine question?

The best answer is D, Hyperkalaemia. Reduced renal potassium excretion can produce hyperkalaemia, which may cause conduction abnormalities and life-threatening arrhythmias, requiring urgent ECG assessment and stabilizing treatment when severe.

Why is "Raised bicarbonate from vomiting" not the answer?

Vomiting more often lowers chloride and raises bicarbonate.

Why is "Mild hyperchloraemia" not the answer?

Mild chloride elevation is usually not the immediate arrhythmic threat.

Why is "Low phosphate after meals" not the answer?

Post-meal phosphate variation does not create the classic emergency described.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Renal medicine in General Medicine. The correct option holds because: Correct: high potassium can rapidly destabilize cardiac conduction.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Renal medicine?

For each disease know the classic presentation, the best test, and the first-line treatment. Then use the flashcards and the other General Medicine questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.