Transplant pathology: rejection: practice question

A Pathology question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Pathology · Transplant pathology: rejection

Sample item

What mechanism underlies hyperacute organ-transplant rejection occurring minutes to hours after reperfusion?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

D. Preformed recipient antibodies against donor antigens

Hyperacute rejection occurs when preexisting antibodies bind donor endothelial antigens, activating complement, thrombosis, and rapid graft failure. Crossmatching aims to prevent this event.

Option by option

  • A. Recipient neutropenia

    Neutropenia does not produce this antibody-mediated vascular catastrophe.

  • B. Drug toxicity only

    Drug toxicity can injure a graft but does not cause classic hyperacute rejection.

  • C. Slow T-cell-mediated fibrosis over years

    Chronic rejection develops over months to years with vascular and fibrotic change.

  • D. Preformed recipient antibodies against donor antigens (correct)

    Correct. Preformed antibodies drive immediate vascular graft injury.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Pathology question

What is the answer to this Pathology question?

The best answer is D, Preformed recipient antibodies against donor antigens. Hyperacute rejection occurs when preexisting antibodies bind donor endothelial antigens, activating complement, thrombosis, and rapid graft failure.

Why is "Recipient neutropenia" not the answer?

Neutropenia does not produce this antibody-mediated vascular catastrophe.

Why is "Drug toxicity only" not the answer?

Drug toxicity can injure a graft but does not cause classic hyperacute rejection.

Why is "Slow T-cell-mediated fibrosis over years" not the answer?

Chronic rejection develops over months to years with vascular and fibrotic change.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Transplant pathology: rejection in Pathology. Crossmatching aims to prevent this event.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Transplant pathology: rejection?

Learn each disease as a bundle: cause, key histology, markers, and the clinical hallmark. Then use the flashcards and the other Pathology questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.