Cardiology: mitral stenosis: practice question

A General Medicine question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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General Medicine · Cardiology: mitral stenosis

Sample item

A patient with rheumatic heart disease has exertional dyspnea, hemoptysis, atrial fibrillation, and an opening snap followed by a mid-diastolic murmur at the apex. What valve lesion is present?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

C. Mitral stenosis

Mitral stenosis obstructs left-atrial emptying, producing an opening snap and low-pitched diastolic rumble at the apex. It predisposes to left-atrial enlargement, atrial fibrillation, and pulmonary hypertension.

Option by option

  • A. Mitral regurgitation

    Mitral regurgitation causes a pansystolic apical murmur radiating to the axilla.

  • B. Tricuspid regurgitation

    Tricuspid regurgitation is a pansystolic murmur louder with inspiration.

  • C. Mitral stenosis (correct)

    Correct. The opening snap and apical diastolic murmur are classic mitral stenosis findings.

  • D. Aortic stenosis

    Aortic stenosis produces an ejection systolic murmur radiating to the carotids.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

More General Medicine questions

Questions about this General Medicine question

What is the answer to this General Medicine question?

The best answer is C, Mitral stenosis. Mitral stenosis obstructs left-atrial emptying, producing an opening snap and low-pitched diastolic rumble at the apex.

Why is "Mitral regurgitation" not the answer?

Mitral regurgitation causes a pansystolic apical murmur radiating to the axilla.

Why is "Tricuspid regurgitation" not the answer?

Tricuspid regurgitation is a pansystolic murmur louder with inspiration.

Why is "Aortic stenosis" not the answer?

Aortic stenosis produces an ejection systolic murmur radiating to the carotids.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Cardiology: mitral stenosis in General Medicine. It predisposes to left-atrial enlargement, atrial fibrillation, and pulmonary hypertension.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Cardiology: mitral stenosis?

For each disease know the classic presentation, the best test, and the first-line treatment. Then use the flashcards and the other General Medicine questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.