Renal medicine: nephrolithiasis: practice question

A General Medicine question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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General Medicine · Renal medicine: nephrolithiasis

Sample item

Which urinary finding is most associated with calcium oxalate kidney stones?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

C. Envelope-shaped crystals

Calcium oxalate crystals are classically envelope shaped or dumbbell shaped and are the most common stone type. Hydration and evaluation of metabolic risk factors help prevent recurrence.

Option by option

  • A. Needle-shaped crystals only

    Needle-shaped crystals are more typical of urate in synovial fluid.

  • B. Coffin-lid crystals

    Coffin-lid crystals suggest struvite stones.

  • C. Envelope-shaped crystals (correct)

    Correct. Envelope crystals are typical calcium oxalate morphology.

  • D. Hexagonal crystals

    Hexagonal crystals suggest cystinuria.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this General Medicine question

What is the answer to this General Medicine question?

The best answer is C, Envelope-shaped crystals. Calcium oxalate crystals are classically envelope shaped or dumbbell shaped and are the most common stone type.

Why is "Needle-shaped crystals only" not the answer?

Needle-shaped crystals are more typical of urate in synovial fluid.

Why is "Coffin-lid crystals" not the answer?

Coffin-lid crystals suggest struvite stones.

Why is "Hexagonal crystals" not the answer?

Hexagonal crystals suggest cystinuria.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Renal medicine: nephrolithiasis in General Medicine. Hydration and evaluation of metabolic risk factors help prevent recurrence.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Renal medicine: nephrolithiasis?

For each disease know the classic presentation, the best test, and the first-line treatment. Then use the flashcards and the other General Medicine questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.